I have a few bamboos in large containers, one of them being a Fargesia think its Fargesia murielae, its aprox 2/3ft high, and performs really well, every few years i divide it so it does not become pot bound.

The below sound like good matches to your quetion of smallish bamboo for large containers.

Hibanobambusa Shiroshima
Pleioblastus Pygmaeus
Pleioblastus Chino Elegantissima

Keep them watered!