It looks like a Canterbury bell Campanula media. They are biennials so they will set seed and die. They like moderate sun and I don't find them fussy regards soil type. They will produce lots of seeds that you can sow in August and they will put on quite a bit of growth before autumn, then they over winter and flower the following year.
This is the RHS advice.

https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/29191/Campanula-medium/Details

Thanks Eileen

Will the seeds germinate on their own if I just leave them where they fall? The seeds, I understand, are like a fine dust - not something I want to handle, but would love to see this plant again next year.

they did in my garden Paul so yes just let them germinate where they fall. I don't remember the seed being really tiny though.